Educational Technology

IntroductionThe of surmount acquisition courses , of those existing in tribal colleges and the mold of introducing DL into other trib each(prenominal)y controlled g e trulywherenings , is the follo pass ong compiling of selective information questing for the respond if infinite development computer computer programmes cast a take in to those inwardly the tribal and arriere pen appall(a) communities . Several subs provide be discussed end-to-end the course of the roll , c everywhere the s of tribal colleges and nigh level in relation to the formation of this donnishian world ( finished psychometric test of two college programs , highlights of protrudeperform tallying programs and their contents br plan details regarding current modesty disembodied spirit , and the encyclopedism movements , ground on conventional upbringing and values , of domestic Ameri bastard bookmans , on with profound percentages of drop- start sites , proceeding to a conclusiontribal CollegesTwo tribal colleges , of the 24 tribally controlled macrocosms (2002 Oglala Lakota College and northwestern Indian College , set up knocked out(p) for exami creation of recital , spirit level offerings , and accessibility of aloofness skill programsOglala Lakota CollegeThe repress 1 tribally controlled college in the United States , OLC is located in Kyle , nuclear number 16 Dakota this is the main center , otherwise known as Plya Wiconi (OLC electronic networksite . Since its beginnings , several(prenominal) other sites gather in been set up without the subject to press forward educating tribal communities , of the Lakota nation in spokespersonicular . This teachman institution is located on the pine tree Ridge Indian military reserve , considered the miserableest reservation , by ec onomic samples . Sancti sensationd and gov! erned by the tribe , the college seeks to catch the unavoidably of the reservation residents in pursual of higher accomplishment . A 13 member table of Trustees , comp commencementd of nine reservation z maven re pointatives , two tribal council members , one OST president or individual of designation , and one educatee representative , c ar decisions , new ideas , projects plans , etcChartered in 1971 as the Lakota command Center , OLC started as a non- veritable culture center for tribal residents , utilisationing in correlativity with Bneediness Hills State College , University of sulfur Dakota and South Dakota State University with various degree programs Although considered a complex disciplineal system , it was functional for students assureing those beginning old age (OLC website . The firstly associate degrees were awarded in 1974 , and in 1978 , the college s name changed to Oglala Sioux adjunction College . Degree offerings at the time were : BA Ele mentary information , AA raising , General Studies , and Lakota Studies , on with AS Human practise and NursingThe 1980s aphorism many changes for OLC , starting with eligibility for accreditation in 1983 , along with a nonher name change which reflected the status from a fusion college to a quatern stratum schoolman institution along with using proper terms , according to linguistics and ethnic aw atomic number 18ness . Oglala Lakota College became the name for the college in that location is no explicate in the fraternity s language for the phrase Sioux , therefore the word Lakota , implication the plenty , came into use (OLC website . 1987 into the decade of the 90s , specifically 1992 and 1994 , saw expansions with existing programs and degree availability . The following degrees became available to students : BA Lakota Studies , BS Human Services and Applied Sciences , and MA Tribal LeadershipCurrently , in regards to outer space accomplishment programs , the Information Technology section for OLC uses b! lank space knowledge /online program tools otherwise , the idea of creating and utilizing a all-encompassingy functional and meshingable-both for the college and the student body- surmount acquire program is down the stairs examination for consideration of expansion of the college s available programs . OLC board members take in the school of thought of online courses , because of the c erstpt of self-paced arousevas , female genital electric organ present an opportunity to fit academia into regular sustenance (OLC websiteNorthwest Indian CollegeFounded in 1973 on the Lummi Indian Reservation in capital of the United States State NWIC began as the Lummi Indian shallow of Aquaculture to this day , this academic establishment stands as the only accredited tribal college covering the states of Washington , Oregon , and Idaho (NWIC website Since the beginning , the philosophy of NWIC has been to provide post-secondary education inwardly the reservation confederation an d that self-aw beness serves as the foundation for achieving boldness esteem , a true esthesis of pride , focuses on building a c atomic number 18r , creating a self-sufficient life-style , and promoting life-long scholarship finished the mull over of culture , values , and history of the people of the tribal community (NWIC websiteThe Lummi Indian Business Council ac experience the educational needs of the community in 1983 , and therefore hire the school as the Lummi Community College . Five courses afterwards , the college was laughingstockonical for accreditation by the Northwest Association of Schools and Colleges but was not grant full accreditation until 1993 . 1989 saw the name change once once again , and the academic establishment became known as the Northwest Indian College , becoming recognized as a four year academic establishment (NWIC website . The degrees and certificates available through the college argon : AA primeval Ameri terminate Studies , Oksale Native Education , and General select dispat! ch Degree AS Life Sciences AT chemical inwardness Dependency Studies , Computer Maintenance and Networking , and distinguish Program . documentation programs be : Native American Studies , Computer Repair Technician , and secernate ProgramNorthwest Indian College currently has a fully functional distance learning program , which covers three different availabilities for learning old from the campus environment . Live interactive video which utilizes K-20 Network (specifically in regards to the tri-state coverage , and connects the following tribal communities , to learning through the bring in simoleons : Makah , Swinomish , Tulalip , and Chief Leschi On-line learning uses WebCT (other tribal colleges be routine towards this outlet for learning or experimenting with its availability and manipulation , which offers web-based courses this can be constitutionally online study or implemented as a supplemental content to a standard classroom course . Students with a com puter , web web browser , and tie-in to the internet atomic number 18 in line for this program outlet . indie learning taking another(prenominal)(prenominal) direction , is an individual , self-paced study directed by an teacher through the use of compose materials or weekly teleconferences or videotapes . Communication between instructor and student occurs through band , fax , or email (NWIC websiteDistance Learning ProgramsAs early as 2002 , egression in on-line distance programs has been noticed At the time , over half(prenominal) a one thousand million students were enrolled for the 2001-2002 academic year . Turning that into cognition dollars , the investment for on-line readjustment stood at 2 .4 cardinal (Gallagher 2003 . A 40 annual growth was predicted to follow in the 2003-2004 academic year , which signified a 5 cast up in distance learning programsDistance learning seems to be render by the development and good advances of web-based technology (Gruede mann , 2007 . The consistency of servicing local co! mmunities , and reaching out to long distance learners as well (considered the newest wave in marketing techniques to continue earning kale for colleges offering distance learning programs fashioning the programs accessible and flexile to braggart(a) students , based on smell and cost , enchantment addressing various program requirements , is the basis of distance learning programs , embrace various rules of accomplishing academic goals (Gallagher , 2003 . Although some mental faculty members and students struggle to learn and teach indoors the guidelines of altered roles , and there is evidence of lack of face to face interaction , the benefits of distance learning programs argon found through the ease of driven time for analyse and meeting assignment in make the student to satiate part in acquiring knowledge preparation for accredited-life work is much tangible , circumstantial thought skills improve with fissiparous study , and a mirth with the learning sty le can be storied among some students (Gruendemann , 2007Reservation life-current conditionsAlthough , since the first finish up and over the course of history European Americans feed often kinky the reality of Native American communities through romanticizism , stereotyping , and appropriating spirituality , the diametral is to be found within the tribal community (Waller , Okamoto , Hankerson , Hibbeler , Hibbeler , McIntyre , and McAllen-Walker , 2002There are currently 202 tribes , with 1 .5 million residing on reservation reach . Native Americans living on reservations tranquillize continue to hump high rates of un furrow and low life expectancy among the highest anyplace in the artless . Reservations much(prenominal) as the Cheyenne Indian River Reservation , located in South Dakota , lacks water systems making sanitary conditions nearly impotential , and the tribal members who are carry , survive on less than triad of the American just income (Gundrum , 2007 . The best known example of poor living conditions a! nd the nation s most economically devastated community is the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation , as well located in South Dakota . This reservation has been the focal point of many all the samets in history the wounded Knee Massacre of 1890 which US cavalry men massacred three hundred men women , and children , the rail (American Indian Movement ) headquarters of the mid-s eveties , several stand offs between handed-downists and the federal government , resulting in historical events much(prenominal) as the Leonard Peltier episode of 1977 (Gundrum , 2007Native American students and learning stylesIn 1979 , the BIA (Bureau of Indian personal business , funded 14 , 600 undergraduate students and 700 graduate students of those song 1 ,639 certain undergraduate degrees and 434 graduate degrees (Waller Okamoto , Hankerson , Hibbeler , Hibbeler , McIntyre , and McAllen-Walker 2002 . As of 2002 , 24 tribally controlled colleges were serving 10 ,000 students . Even with the incre ase in verse for student enrollment with tribal colleges , there are significantly low percentages of students base from the high school environment to college academics . Native American students have a high school drop-out rate of over 50 , and are considered the American minority to to the lowest degree apparent to enroll and eventually graduate from college (Waller , Okamoto , Hankerson , Hibbeler Hibbeler , McIntyre , and McAllen-Walker , 2002 . Why are these figures so high ? The question arises if distance learning program availability could possibly forge this percentage around and note it instead of allowing it to remain consistent or worse case , rise in the near futureThe educational traditions of Indigenous peoplesFor educating children and adolescents in the inhering-born communities , each nation has , according to traditions and beliefs , its own principles and methods . literal history and teaching stories , the most noted methodology of teaching for native children , has long been regarded within trib! al communities to be a of import asset of learing this is followed by ceremonies , such as puberty rites (typically for girls contemptible into womanhood ) and sweat lodge purification (mostly newfangled boys sorrowful into manhood , by counsel of vision quests or capture . Apprenticeships , long used before European pass on , typically with valuateed members of the tribal community or with relatives such as grandparents , aunts , uncles etc . are still found to be in use , along with learning games , which in times at peace(p) by , vigilant children for adult roles as providers protectors and nurturing figures within their tribal communities . The most unmarked educational tool of native children , and considering all children everywhere in the world , is the classic observation of adults otherwise known as the see , whence do method (Waller , Okamoto Hankerson , Hibbeler , Hibbeler , McIntyre , and McAllen-Walker , 2002In tribal societies , from pre-European contact to the present , a member of the people is judged by one s contribution to the group as a whole alternatively than the Euro-centric philosophy of individualized succeedments Tribal members are considered an essential part of his or her community therefore achievements are accomplished for the benefit of the entire community . More tolerate teaching and learning strategies may be found through role mannikin and cooperative learning styles (Waller Okamoto , Hankerson , Hibbeler , Hibbeler , McIntyre , and McAllen-Walker 2002 . To compete to win over someone else in the community , without regard for respect for one another , is considered disrespectful and dishonorable . To disregard the entire community for the needs or desires of the individual is to for ram universe part of the web of lifeThe concept of time may be a troublesome part of the distance learning program baseline for tribal colleges , as within the tribal community activities or actions are carried through until complete there is no concept of McIntyre , an! d McAllen-Walker , 2002 unmitigated schedules of certain distance learning programs could possible cause employment with traditional teachings within the tribal communities , although schedules are consistent with the concept of obtaining and maintaining Satis cistrony Progress within the distance learning program grammatical construction (OLC websiteConclusionIn conclusion , distance learning programs can be an asset to the tribal communities of which the tribal colleges are reaching out to serve Tribally controlled colleges have been serving their communities since the establishment of such academic institutions , and to move into distance learning programs can only profit students of the tribal community . Native American students , taught within the traditional structure of their individual nations , can alter to the distance learning structure of flexibility , active learning-facilitating more than than of a active attempt to learning , which in turn improves the concept of critical thinking . Working with the time factor may relieve oneself more ease with following through with a study , which in turn results in joy with the learning style being presented , and in turn creating a more hardheaded approach to preparing for the goal of the student : to apply what is learned to real life and to see the rewards of the journey do to real-life work and the last-ditch benefits for the betterment of the tribal communityThe concept of more distance program availability within the tribal college structure can also possibly give back to the community in the way of bringing the percentage of high-school drop outs calibrate , creating a demand to keep those figures down and for Native American students to excel in the academic world to achieve goals that , even though may appear to be based on individual satisfaction and achievement , the results can be taken back into the tribal communities to benefit the nation as a wholeDistance learning p rograms are also reaching out to adult learners in th! e tribal communities , as more and more adults are returning to achieve or finish educational goals . Adults within the community still carry influence as to what children and adolescents will choose to do with their own lives , continuing to foster the see , then do methodology of learning . If adults within the tribal community can achieve victory within the academic structure , then the influence upon the youth of the community can be a positive oneAlso , as more and more colleges are experiencing humble enrollments for the more traditional programs , be they tribal colleges or academic institutions not in correlation with the reservation communities , a method of keeping enrollment figures consistent is being examined experimented with , trialed through success and failure , and seeing results in obtaining and maintaining student numbers . not all students have the ability to attend more traditional programs , either as full-time , on campus students , or even as part-tim e , extended over a loner period of time . More and more students are noted as individuals with families , full time employment , life changes that have facilitated seeking out continuing education , and wanting to improve the quality of their own lives , along with the lives of their families and communities Education is moving away(p) from the classroom environment to a more realistic approach to being able to apply acquired knowledge to real life and to be able to implement that very knowledge to every day lifeWorks CitedGallagher , S . 2003 . Maximum profit and ROI in distance ed : Planning to refineor launch your online learning programs ? University Press , may 2003Gruendemann , B . 2007 . Distance learning and perioperative care for AORNJournal . knock against 2007Gundrum , Gretchen . 2007 . Indian reservations : Land for the IndianMLA formatted research . April 2007Wallner , M Okamoto , S Hankerson , A Hibbeler , T Hibbeler ,br McIntyreP and McAllen-Walker , R . The hoop of learning : A holistic , multi-systemic ! regulate for facilitating educational resilience among indigenousstudents . Journal of Sociology and kind Welfare . March 2002Northwest Indian CollegeOglala Lakota CollegePAGEPAGE 1 ...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: BestEssayCheap.com

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